Published in Humanities and Social Sciences Communications (part of the Nature suite of journals) and led by Carol Morris (University of Nottingham) and Minna Kaljonen (Finnish Environmental Institute) the paper scopes international research in the social sciences and humanities related to the societal grand challenge of moving beyond animal-based food systems to address overlapping crises of climate change, health and biodiversity. Inspired by the ‘Sutherland Method’ the paper discusses the results of an iterative research prioritisation process carried out to enhance capacity, mutual understanding and impact amongst European social sciences and humanities researchers. The process produced 15 research questions from an initial list of 100 and classified under the following five themes: (1) debating and visioning food from animals; (2) transforming agricultural spaces; (3) framing animals as food; (4) eating practices and identities; and (5) governing transitions beyond animal-based food systems. These themes provide an important means of making connections between research questions that invite and steer research on key challenges in moving beyond animal-based food systems. The article is open access and can be downloaded here: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41599-021-00714-z.pdf